Peptide Name
Ipamorelin
Updated April 2026
Written by Garret Grant
Founder & Lead Researcher · B.S. Civil Engineering, UCLA
Last updated: April 2026
Complete Dosing & Safety Guide for Ipamorelin, a Selective Growth Hormone Secretagogue Commonly Paired With CJC-1295 No DAC, covering dosing schedules, reconstitution math, pulse-timing rationale, side effects, and clinical evidence.
Half-life
~2 hours
Dose range
100-300 mcg per injection
Status
Not FDA-approved
Developer
Novo Nordisk (original)
Need to calculate reconstitution and dosing units? Use the dose to units converter.
Peptide Name
Ipamorelin
Use Case
Research users commonly explore ipamorelin for selective GH pulse support with lower cortisol/prolactin spillover.
Aliases
NNC 26-0161
Category / Class
GH Secretagogue (GHRP)
Half-Life
~2 hours (IV PK data, Gobburu et al. 1999)
Dosing Frequency
1-3 times daily (subcutaneous)
Dose Range
100-300 mcg per injection
Titration Schedule
100 mcg/day -> 200 mcg/day -> 200-300 mcg/day
Common Vial Sizes
2mg, 5mg, 10mg
Route of Administration
Subcutaneous (SubQ)
Regulatory Status
Not FDA-approved; research compound. Phase II trials were discontinued for postoperative ileus due to lack of efficacy.
Developer
Novo Nordisk (original development)
Key Stat
Most selective GHRP identified - stimulates GH release without affecting cortisol, ACTH, or prolactin at doses up to 200x the GH ED50 (Raun et al. 1998).
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Ipamorelin (also called NNC 26-0161) is a research peptide that signals your body to release its own growth hormone in natural pulses. It belongs to a class of compounds called growth hormone secretagogues -- substances that trigger GH release rather than injecting GH directly. Novo Nordisk originally developed it in the late 1990s, and it has since become one of the most widely used growth hormone-releasing peptides in research settings.

Structurally, Ipamorelin is a small peptide made of five amino acids, engineered from an earlier compound (GHRP-1) to be smaller, more stable, and more selective. Its plasma half-life is approximately 2 hours, meaning the body clears it relatively quickly after each dose.
What makes Ipamorelin stand out is its clean hormonal profile. Most growth hormone-releasing peptides also raise cortisol (a stress hormone), prolactin, and other hormones as unwanted side effects. Ipamorelin does not -- even at doses far above the level needed to trigger GH release, lab studies showed no meaningful rise in cortisol, prolactin, or other stress-related hormones. This selectivity is why it is often preferred over alternatives like GHRP-2 and GHRP-6.
Novo Nordisk's clinical program ultimately targeted a digestive condition (postoperative ileus) rather than GH-focused uses, and that program was discontinued after Phase II trials did not show efficacy for that endpoint. Ipamorelin is now widely available as a research compound, commonly explored for GH optimization, body composition, recovery, and anti-aging research.
This compound is not FDA-approved for any indication. All information on this page is for educational and research reference purposes only.
Ipamorelin works by triggering your body's own growth hormone release -- without the unwanted hormonal side effects that come with most other GH-releasing peptides. Here is how each part of that process works.

Ipamorelin activates the same receptor that the hunger hormone ghrelin uses (called GHS-R1a), located in the brain's hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Think of it like pressing a specific "release GH" button. When activated, this receptor triggers the pituitary's GH-producing cells to release growth hormone in natural pulses -- mimicking the way your body already releases GH, rather than flooding the system with a constant supply.
Your body also has a natural "brake" on GH release -- a hormone called somatostatin that holds GH levels down during certain parts of the day. Ipamorelin appears to ease that brake, creating a window where GH pulses come through more easily. This is one reason bedtime dosing is common: it aligns with a natural low point in somatostatin activity.
Once growth hormone is released, the liver converts it into IGF-1 -- a secondary signal that drives many of the effects people associate with GH, including support for muscle protein synthesis, fat metabolism, tissue repair, and bone health. These downstream effects remain under the body's normal feedback controls, so they scale naturally with the GH pulse rather than running unchecked.
The defining feature of Ipamorelin is what it does not do. Other GH-releasing peptides (like GHRP-2 and GHRP-6) also raise cortisol, prolactin, and other hormones you do not want elevated. In lab studies, Ipamorelin did not cause meaningful increases in any of these -- even at doses many times higher than needed to release GH. This clean side-effect profile is the main reason it is often the first-choice GHRP in research protocols.
Because Ipamorelin's half-life is only about 2 hours, the timing of each injection and your meal schedule both matter for getting the strongest GH pulse from each dose.
Assessment
Week 1
100 mcg/day
1x daily at bedtime to assess tolerance. Inject in a fasted state.
Titration
Weeks 2-3
200 mcg/day
Use 1x bedtime dose or split 100 mcg 2x/day. Monitor headache and water retention.
Standard Protocol
Weeks 4-8
200-300 mcg/day
Common maintenance range. Frequency is typically 1-2x/day (AM fasted plus bedtime).
Extended Protocol
Weeks 9-12
200-300 mcg/day
Continue if tolerated. Some clinician-guided protocols extend to week 16.
Off-Cycle
4 weeks
0 mcg
Common cycling model after 8-12 weeks on to reduce desensitization risk.
Important Titration Notes
Evidence level: There are no FDA-approved dosing guidelines for Ipamorelin for GH optimization, body composition, or anti-aging. The dosing schedule below comes from widely used community protocols -- not from clinical trials. Clinical trials tested Ipamorelin's safety and how the body processes it, but not these specific uses.
Titration pacing: Start at 100 mcg/day in week 1. Practical protocol consensus places a dose-response plateau near 300 mcg per injection.
Fasting requirement: Inject on an empty stomach (commonly at least 1-2 hours post-meal), and wait roughly 20-30 minutes before eating. Insulin response can blunt GH pulse amplitude.
Dose flexibility: 200 mcg bedtime-only is the most common base protocol. Split dosing (for example AM plus PM) is used when targeting sustained daily pulse coverage.
Missed dose and cycle length: Skip missed doses and resume the next scheduled time; do not double-dose. Typical cycles run 8-12 weeks with a 4-week off period.
The table below shows how much bacteriostatic (BAC) water to add to each Ipamorelin vial size, the resulting concentration, and exactly how much liquid to draw for common doses. Find your vial size in the left column, then read across to your target dose to see the volume in milliliters and the corresponding syringe units on a standard U-100 insulin syringe.
Vial Size: 2mg
BAC Water: 1.0 mL
Concentration: 2,000 mcg/mL
100 mcg: 0.05 mL (5 units)
200 mcg: 0.10 mL (10 units)
300 mcg: 0.15 mL (15 units)
Vial Size: 5mg
BAC Water: 2.0 mL
Concentration: 2,500 mcg/mL
100 mcg: 0.04 mL (4 units)
200 mcg: 0.08 mL (8 units)
300 mcg: 0.12 mL (12 units)
Vial Size: 10mg
BAC Water: 3.0 mL
Concentration: 3,333 mcg/mL
100 mcg: 0.03 mL (3 units)
200 mcg: 0.06 mL (6 units)
300 mcg: 0.09 mL (9 units)

Ipamorelin tends to cause fewer side effects than other growth hormone-releasing peptides because it does not raise cortisol, prolactin, or other stress hormones. That said, side effects can still occur -- especially at higher doses or during early use.
Common side effects: Community protocols most often report mild headache, transient water retention or bloating, and mild appetite increase.
Clinical tolerability context: In Beck et al. 2014 postoperative ileus trial context, treatment-emergent adverse event rates were not worse than placebo.
GH-related effects: At higher doses or extended use, some reports describe mild joint stiffness, tingling in extremities, or transient fatigue consistent with elevated GH/IGF-1 signaling.
Injection site reactions: Temporary redness, stinging, or minor swelling can occur. Site rotation and sterile technique reduce frequency.
Cortisol and hormonal side effects: Unlike GHRP-2 and GHRP-6, Ipamorelin did not cause meaningful increases in cortisol (a stress hormone), ACTH, or prolactin in laboratory testing at standard GH-releasing doses. This cleaner hormonal profile is the primary reason it is considered better tolerated.
Contraindications and monitoring: Avoid use in active malignancy, uncontrolled glycemic disease, severe cardiovascular disease, and pregnancy or breastfeeding. Consider periodic fasting glucose and HbA1c monitoring for extended protocols. Ipamorelin and ghrelin mimetics are prohibited substances under WADA anti-doping rules.
The table below summarizes all major published studies on Ipamorelin. Most of the research focused on understanding how the compound behaves in the body (pharmacokinetics) and testing it for a digestive condition -- not for the GH-related uses it is commonly explored for today.
Raun et al. 1998 (Eur J Endocrinol)
Preclinical / early characterization • In vitro and in vivo animal models
Rats and swine
Defined ipamorelin as a selective GH secretagogue with no ACTH/cortisol elevation at high multiples above GH-effective dose.
Gobburu et al. 1999 (Pharm Res)
Phase I (PK/PD) • Single-dose escalation
40 healthy male volunteers
Dose-proportional PK; terminal half-life approximately 2 hours; peak GH around 0.67 hours with finite pulse response.
Beck et al. 2014 (Int J Colorectal Dis)
Phase II • Up to 7 days
117 bowel resection patients (NCT00672074)
Ipamorelin 0.03 mg/kg IV twice daily was generally well tolerated but did not show efficacy superiority for postoperative ileus endpoint.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01280344
Phase II • Program period
Postoperative ileus
Study registered for GI function recovery; development program was discontinued after lack of efficacy signal for POI indication.

Here is the key takeaway: Ipamorelin's clinical research was limited and focused on the wrong indication for what most people care about today. Early studies in the late 1990s confirmed that Ipamorelin does release growth hormone selectively and has a short half-life of about 2 hours. But when Novo Nordisk moved to Phase II trials, they tested it for speeding up gut recovery after surgery -- not for GH optimization, body composition, or anti-aging. The compound did not work well enough for that digestive indication, and the program was discontinued.
No clinical trials have ever evaluated Ipamorelin for the body-composition, recovery, or anti-aging purposes it is commonly explored for in research settings. The dosing protocols used in those contexts are community-derived, not clinically validated.
Lyophilized (powder)
-20C (-4F)
Long-term storage (years)
Lyophilized (powder)
2-8C (36-46F)
Months
Lyophilized (powder)
Room temperature
Weeks (shipping window)
Reconstituted (liquid)
2-8C (36-46F)
Up to 28 days
Reconstituted (frozen aliquots)
-20C (-4F)
3-4 months
Protect reconstituted solution from light, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, use bacteriostatic water for multi-dose handling, and discard any solution that appears cloudy, discolored, or particulate.
Ipamorelin, GHRP-6, and GHRP-2 all belong to the same family -- they activate the same growth hormone receptor. The main difference is side effects. Ipamorelin releases GH without raising cortisol or prolactin, while the other two do. The table below breaks down the key differences so you can see how they compare on the metrics that matter most: potency, hormonal side effects, appetite effects, and dosing frequency.
Receptor Target
Ipamorelin: GHS-R1a
GHRP-6: GHS-R1a
GHRP-2: GHS-R1a
Half-Life
Ipamorelin: ~2 hours
GHRP-6: ~20-30 minutes
GHRP-2: ~25-30 minutes
Dosing Frequency
Ipamorelin: 1-3x daily (SubQ)
GHRP-6: 2-3x daily (SubQ)
GHRP-2: 2-3x daily (SubQ)
Standard Dose
Ipamorelin: 200-300 mcg/injection
GHRP-6: 100-300 mcg/injection
GHRP-2: 100-300 mcg/injection
GH Release Potency
Ipamorelin: Comparable to GHRP-6
GHRP-6: Reference standard
GHRP-2: Higher potency than GHRP-6
Cortisol Elevation
Ipamorelin: None in characterization data
GHRP-6: Yes
GHRP-2: Yes
Prolactin Elevation
Ipamorelin: None
GHRP-6: Minimal
GHRP-2: Moderate
Appetite Stimulation
Ipamorelin: Mild
GHRP-6: Strong
GHRP-2: Moderate
FDA Status
Ipamorelin: Not approved
GHRP-6: Not approved
GHRP-2: Not approved
Unique Advantage
Ipamorelin: Most selective GHRP hormonal profile
GHRP-6: Strong appetite stimulation
GHRP-2: High GH potency per mcg
These compounds target the same receptor family but differ in endocrine spillover profiles. Ipamorelin's defining feature is GH release without the cortisol, ACTH, and prolactin elevation commonly associated with GHRP-2 and GHRP-6.
GHRP-6 may be preferred where appetite stimulation is desirable, while GHRP-2 is often selected for GH potency per microgram despite cleaner-profile tradeoffs.
Reconstitution concentration and syringe math differ by vial and protocol. Verify concentration-specific draws before administration.
See the GHRP-6, GHRP-2, CJC-1295 (with DAC) and CJC-1295 (No DAC) for compound-specific guides.
Before combining compounds, read the full stacking safety guide on PepPal.
Stack 1
A common stack combining CJC-1295 (Mod GRF 1-29) with ipamorelin to target complementary GHRH and GHS-R1a pathways.
A frequently cited protocol model uses 100 mcg CJC-1295 plus 200 mcg ipamorelin together at bedtime in a single SubQ injection.
View stack protocolStack 2
Some protocols pair ipamorelin GH/IGF-1 signaling support with BPC-157 tissue-repair research context.
See the compound-specific See BPC-157 protocol for additional context.
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The standard starting dose is 100 mcg per injection, usually once daily at bedtime in a fasted state for approximately one week before increasing to 200 mcg. For custom vial concentrations, use https://www.peppal.app/calculator.
Ipamorelin has a terminal plasma half-life of about 2 hours in human PK data, with GH peaking near 0.67 hours and typically returning toward baseline within a few hours.
Clinical trials have not evaluated body-composition or performance endpoints. Community reports often note early sleep-quality changes, while composition or recovery-related changes are variable and protocol-dependent.
Common reconstitution setups are 1 mL BAC water for 2 mg, 2 mL for 5 mg, and 3 mL for 10 mg, with slow wall injection and gentle swirling. See the reconstitution section and calculator at https://www.peppal.app/calculator.
No. Ipamorelin is not FDA-approved for any indication. It advanced to Phase II clinical trials for a digestive recovery condition (postoperative ileus) and was discontinued because it did not work well enough. Ipamorelin is also banned under WADA anti-doping rules. Its status within FDA pharmacy compounding regulations has been discussed but is not settled.
The most commonly reported effects are mild headache, temporary water retention or bloating, and mild appetite increase. GH-related symptoms can occur with higher dose or prolonged protocols.
All three are ghrelin receptor agonists, but ipamorelin is generally considered more selective, with lower cortisol and prolactin cross-reactivity in characterization data than GHRP-6 or GHRP-2.
Research suppliers most commonly offer 2 mg, 5 mg, and 10 mg lyophilized vials.
Common starting volumes are 1 mL for 2 mg, 2 mL for 5 mg, and 3 mL for 10 mg. Other volumes can be used if concentration math is adjusted accordingly.
Early safety studies tested Ipamorelin at very high intravenous doses to find its limits. In the Phase II surgical recovery trials, dosing reached 0.03 mg/kg given IV twice daily for up to 7 days. For research protocols focused on GH release via subcutaneous injection, most users cap single doses around 300 mcg because the GH response does not appear to increase meaningfully beyond that point.
Store reconstituted ipamorelin at 2-8C protected from light and use within about 28 days. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles for mixed solution.
Key human data include the Gobburu et al. PK/PD study and Phase II postoperative ileus trials such as NCT00672074 and NCT01280344. No clinical trials have established efficacy for GH optimization endpoints.
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The information on this page is for educational and research reference purposes only. Ipamorelin is an experimental compound and is not FDA-approved for any indication. No compounds discussed on this site are intended for human consumption. This is not medical advice.
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